Today in History: Sir Winston Churchill resigns
Born at Blenheim Palace in 1874, Churchill joined the British Fourth Hussars upon his father’s death in 1895.
On this day in 1955, Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill, the British leader who guided Great Britain and the Allies through the crisis of World War II, resigned as Prime Minister of Great Britain.
During the five-year period after he joined the British Fourth Hussars in 1895, he enjoyed an illustrious military career, serving in India, the Sudan, and South Africa, and distinguishing himself several times in battle. In 1899, he resigned his commission to concentrate on his literary and political career and in 1900 was elected to Parliament as a Conservative MP from Oldham.
In 1904, he joined the Liberals, serving in a number of important posts before being appointed Britain’s First Lord of the Admiralty in 1911, where he worked to bring the British navy to a state of readiness for the war he foresaw. In 1915, in the second year of World War I, Churchill was held responsible for the disastrous Dardanelles and Gallipoli campaigns and was thus excluded from the war coalition government.
However, in 1917, he returned to politics as a cabinet member in the Liberal government of Lloyd George. From 1919 to 1921, he was Secretary of State for War and in 1924 he returned to the Conservative Party. Two years later, he played a leading role in the defeat of the General Strike of 1926.
Out of office from 1929 to 1939, Churchill issued unheeded warnings about the threat of Nazi and Japanese aggression. After the outbreak of World War II in Europe, Churchill returned to his post as First Lord of the Admiralty and eight months later replaced Neville Chamberlain as Prime Minister of the new coalition government.
In the first year of his administration, Britain stood alone against Nazi Germany, but Churchill promised his country and the world that Britain would “never surrender”. He rallied the British people to a resolute resistance and expertly orchestrated Franklin D Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin into an alliance that eventually crushed the Axis forces.
After a postwar Labour Party victory in 1945, he became Leader of the Opposition and in 1951, he was again elected Prime Minister. In 1953, he was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II and awarded the Nobel Prize for literature. After his retirement as Prime Minister, he remained an active member of Parliament until 1964, the year before his death.
Information courtesy of: https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/winston-churchill-resigns.
